Dupilumab and skin microbiome shifts in Netherton syndrome: case report and literature review
In a single patient with Netherton syndrome, dupilumab was associated with increased cutaneous microbial diversity over one year.
| Population | — |
|---|---|
| Intervention | — |
| Comparator | — |
| Outcome | — |
What the study showed
Baseline microbiome showed low diversity dominated by Pantoea and Pseudomonas. After one year of dupilumab, diversity increased with Staphylococcus predominance and a rise in Malassezia. Clinical remission was observed in parallel with these shifts.
How it was done
Single case report: skin swabs from lesional sites collected at three time points (baseline, 1 month, 1 year) in a 35-year-old woman with NS on continuous dupilumab therapy.
Risk of bias
N=1 precludes generalization; no control group, no matched healthy comparator, and sequencing methodology is not detailed in the abstract. Causality cannot be inferred.
What this study does NOT prove
Does not prove that dupilumab restores the skin microbiome in Netherton syndrome or that microbiome changes mediated the clinical benefit.
In clinical practice
Data do not support clinical practice changes. This is a descriptive observation in an isolated patient with a rare disease.
Limitations
N=1 precludes generalization; no control group, no matched healthy comparator, and sequencing methodology is not detailed in the abstract. Causality cannot be inferred.
Technical appendix
Version history
- 1.0 · 2026-07-20 — Auto-generated under Evidence Standard v1.0
Paid access: structured summary from public metadata; consult the original study at the source.